Net Addiction, Crime, & Pathological Use

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Abbate Daģa, G., Gramaglia, C., Piero, A., & Fassino, S. (2006). Eating disorders and the Internet: Cure and curse. Eating & Weight Disorders, 11, 68-71.

Abdulla, R. A. (2007). Islam, Jihad, and terrorism in post-9/11 Arabic discussion boards. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12, 1063-1081.

Aboujaoude, E. (2010). Problematic Internet use: An overview. World Psychiatry, 9, 85-90.

Aboujaoude, E., Koran, L. M., Gamel, N., Large, M. D., & Serpe, R. T. (2006). Potential markers for problematic Internet use: A telephone survey of 2,513 adults. CNS Spectrums, 11, 750-755.

Acier, D., & Kern, L. (2011). Problematic Internet use: Perceptions of addiction counsellors. Computers & Education, 56, 983-989.

Adam, A. (2001). Cyberstalking: Gender and computer ethics. In E. Green & A. Adam (Eds.), Virtual Gender: Technology, Consumption and Identity (pp. 209-224). London: Routledge.

Adam, A. (2002). Cyberstalking and Internet pornography: Gender and the gaze. Ethics and Information Technology, 4, 133-142.

Adiele, I., & Olatokun, W. (2014). Prevalence and determinants of Internet addiction among adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 100-110.

Adler, P. A., & Adler, P. (2008). The cyber worlds of self-injurers: Deviant communities, relationships, and selves. Symbolic Interaction, 31, 33-56.

Adomi, E. E., & Igun, S. E. (2008). Combating cyber crime in Nigeria. The Electronic Library, 26, 716-725.

Ahmadi, J., Amiri, A., Ghanizadeh, A., Khademalhosseini, M., Khademalhosseini, Z., Gholami, Z., & Sharifian, M. (2014). Prevalence of addiction to the Internet, computer games, DVD, and video and its relationship to anxiety and depression in a sample of Iranian high school students. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 8, 75-80.

Ahmadi, K., & Saghafi, A. (2013). Psychosocial profile of Iranian adolescents’ Internet addiction. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 16, 543-548.

Ak, S., Koruklu, N., & Yılmaz, Y. (2013). A study on Turkish adolescent’s Internet use: Possible predictors of Internet addiction. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 16, 205-209.

Alexy, E. M., Burgess, A. W., & Baker, T. (2005). Internet offenders: Traders, travelers, and combination trader-travelers. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20, 804-812.

Andreassen, C. S., & Pallesen, S. (2013). Facebook addiction: A reply to Griffiths (2012). Psychological Reports, 113, 899-902.

Andreou, E., & Svoli, H. (2013). The association between Internet user characteristics and dimensions of Internet addiction among Greek adolescents. International Journal of Mental Health Addiction, 11, 139-148.

Armstrong, L., Phillips, J. G., & Saling, L. L. (2000). Potential determinants of heavier Internet usage. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 53, 537-550.

Assael, H. (2005). A demographic and psychographic profile of heavy Internet users and users by type of Internet usage. Journal of Advertising Research, 45, 93-122.

Atmaca, M. (2007). A case of problematic Internet use successfully treated with an SSRI-antipsychotic combination. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 31, 961-962.

Auer, N. J., & Krupar, E. M. (2001). Mouse click plagiarism: The role of technology in plagiarism and the librarian’s role in combating it. Library Trends, 49, 415-432.

Aydin, B., & Sari, S. V. (2011). Internet addiction among adolescents: The role of self-esteem. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 3500-3505.

Aykut Ceyhan, A., & Ceyhan, E. (2008). Loneliness, depression, and computer self-efficacy as predictors of problematic Internet use. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11, 699-701.

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Bai, Y. M., Lin, C. C., Chen, J. Y (2001). Internet addiction disorder among clients of a virtual clinic. Psychiatric Services, 25, 1397.

Bair, C. E., Kelly, N. R., Serdar, K. L., & Mazzeo, S. E. (2012). Does the Internet function like magazines? An exploration of image-focused media, eating pathology, and body dissatisfaction. Eating Behaviors, 13, 398-401.

Bakken, I. J., Wenzel, H. G., Götestam, K. G., Johansson, A., & Øren, A. (2009). Internet addiction among Norwegian adults: A stratified probability sample study. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 50, 121-127.

Barak, A. (2005). Sexual harassment on the Internet. Social Science Computer Review, 23, 77-92.

Bardone-Cone, A. M., & Cass, K. M. (2006).  Investigating the impact of pro-Anorexia Websites: A pilot study. European Eating Disorders Review, 14, 256-262.

Bardone-Cone, A. M., Cass, K. M. (2007). What  does viewing a pro-anorexia website do? An experimental examination of website exposure and moderating effects. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 40, 537-548.

Barke, A., Nyenhuis, N., & Kroner-Herwig, B. (2012). The German version of the Internet addiction test: A validation study. CyberPsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 15, 534-542.

Barke, A., Nyenhuis, N., & Kröner-Herwig, B. (2014). The German version of the Generalized Pathological Internet Use Scale 2: A validation study. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17, 474-482.

Barnes, N. (2006). Anorexia and bulimia: Information from the Internet. Journal of Consumer Health on the Internet, 10, 47-56.

Bates, A., & Metcalf, C. (2007). A psychometric comparison of Internet and non-Internet sex offenders from a community treatment sample. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 13, 11-20.

Beard, K. W. (2002). Internet addiction: Current status and implications for employees. Journal of Employment Counseling, 39, 2-11.

Beard, K. W. (2005). Internet addiction: A review of current assessment techniques and potential assessment questions. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 8, 7-14.

Beard, K. W. (2009). Assessment and treatment of Internet addiction. In, J. B. Allen, E. M. Wolf, L. VandeCreek (Eds.), Innovations in clinical practice: A 21st century sourcebook (Vol. 1, pp. 117-134). Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press.

Beard, K. W. (2011). Working with adolescents addicted to the Internet. In K. S. Young & C. N. de Abreu (Eds.), Internet addiction: A handbook and guide to evaluation and treatment (pp. 173-190). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Beard, K. W., & Wolf, E. M. (2001). Modification in the proposed diagnostic criteria for Internet addiction. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 4, 377-383.

Beech, A. R., Elliott, I. A., Birgden, A., & Findlater, D. (2008). The Internet and child sexual offending: A criminological review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 13, 216-228.

Belenko, S., Dugosh, K. L., Lynch, K., Mericle, A. A., Pich, M., & Forman, R. F. (2009). Online illegal drug use information: An exploratory analysis of drug-related website viewing by adolescents. Journal of Health Communication, 14, 612-630.

Bell, V., Grech, E., Maiden, C., Halligan, P. W., & Ellis, H. D. (2005). “Internet delusions”: A case series and theoretical integration. Psychopathology, 38, 144-150.

Banjanin, N., Banjanin, N., Dimitrijevic, I., & Pantic, I. (2015). Relationship between Internet use and depression: Focus on physiological mood oscillations, social networking and online addictive behavior. Computers in Human Behavior, 43, 308-312.

Bates, C. F. (2015). “I am a waste of breath, of space, of time”: Metaphors of self in a pro-anorexia group. Qualitative Health Research, 25, 189-204.

Beran, T., & Li, Q. (2005). Cyber-harassment: A study of a new method for an old behavior. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 32, 265-277.

Beranuy, M., Carbonell, X., & Griffiths, M. D. (2013). A qualitative analysis of online gaming addicts in treatment. International Journal of Mental Health Addiction, 11, 149-161.

Beranuy, M., Oberst, U., Carbonell, X., & Chamarro, A. (2009).  Problematic Internet and mobile phone use and clinical symptoms in college students: The role of emotional intelligence. Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 1182-1187.

Berger, B. D., Lehrmann, J. A., Larson, G., Alverno, L., & Tsao, C. I. (2005). Nonpsychotic, nonparaphilic self-amputation and the Internet. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 46, 380-383.

Bernardi, S., & Pallanti, S. (2009). Internet addiction: A descriptive clinical study focusing on comorbidities and dissociative symptoms. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 50, 510-516.

Beullens, K., & Schepers, A. (2013). Display of alcohol use on Facebook: A content analysis. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 16, 497-503.

Beutel, M. E., Brähler, E., Glaesmer, H., Kuss, D. J., Wölfling, K., & Müller, K. W. (2011). Regular and problematic leisure-time Internet use in the community: Results from a German population-based survey. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14, 291-296.

Billieux, J., Chanal, J., Khazaal, Y., Rochat, L., Gay, P., Zullino, D., & van der Linden, M. (2011). Psychological predictors of problematic involvement in massively multiplayer online role-playing games: Illustration in a sample of male cybercafé players. Psychopathology, 44, 165-171.

Billieux, J., Thorens, G., Khazaal, Y., Zullino, D., Achab, S., & Van der Linden, M. (2015). Problematic involvement in online games: A cluster analytic approach. Computers in Human Behavior, 43, 242-250.

Blachnio, A., Przepiórka, A., & Fortuna, P. (2010). Problematic Internet use and third-person effect. In A. Blachnio, A. Przepiorka, & T. Rowiński (Eds.), Internet in psychological research (pp. 149-168). Warsaw, Poland: Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University Press.

Blaszczynski, A. (2006). Internet use: In search of an addiction. International Journal of Mental Health Addiction, 4, 7-9.

Blinka, L., & Smahel, D. (2011).  Addiction to online role-playing games. In K. S. Young & C. N. de Abreu (Eds.), Internet addiction: A handbook and guide to evaluation and treatment (pp. 73-90). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Block, J. J. (2007). Prevalence underestimated in problematic Internet use study. CNS Spectrums, 12, 14.

Block, J. J. (2008). Issues for DSM-V: Internet addiction. American Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 306-307.

Bocij, P., Bocij, H., McFarlane, L. (2003). Cyberstalking: A case study of serial harassment in the UK. British Journal of Forensic Practice, 5(2), 25-32.

Bocij, P. (2005). Reactive stalking: A new perspective on victimisation. British Journal of Forensic Practice, 7, 23-34.

Bogenschutz, M. P. (2001). Drugs on the Internet. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 2094-2095.

Boniel-Nissim, M., Latzer, Y. (2011). The characteristics of  pro-Ana community. In D. Stein & Y. Latzer (Eds.), Treatment and special issue of eating disorders (pp.73-84). New York: Nova Science Publishers.

Borowska, T. (2009). The Internet addiction versus aggressive behaviour among the youth. The New Educational Review, 19, 171-181.

Borzekowski, D. L. G., Schenk, S., Wilson, J. L., & Peebles, R. (2010). E-Ana and E-Mia: A content analysis of pro–eating disorder web sites. American Journal of Public Health, 100, 1526-1534.

Bozkurt, H., Coskun, M., Ayaydin, H., Adak, I., & Zoroglu, S. (2013). Prevalence and patterns of psychiatric disorders in referred adolescents with Internet addiction. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 67, 352-359.

Bozoglan, B., Demirer, V., & Sahin, I. (2013). Loneliness, self-esteem, and life satisfaction as predictors of Internet addiction: A cross-sectional study among Turkish university students. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 54, 313-319.

Breen, A. V., Lewis, S. P., & Sutherland, O. (2013). Brief report: Non-suicidal self-injury in the context of self and identity development. Journal of Adult Development, 20, 57-62.

Brenner, V. (1997). Psychology of Computer Use: XLVII. Parameters of Internet use, abuse, and addiction: The first 90 days of the Internet Usage Survey. Psychological Reports, 80, 879-882.

Brenner, V. (2002). Generalizability issues in Internet-based survey research: Implications for the Internet addiction controversy. In B. Batinic, U. D. Reips & M. Bosnjak (Eds.), Online Social Sciences (pp. 93-113). Seattle, WA: Hogrefe & Huber.

Brezing, C., Derevensky, J., & Potenza, M. N. (2010). Non-substance-addictive behaviors in youth: Pathological gambling and problematic Internet use. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 19, 625-641.

Brosnan, M., Joiner, R., Gavin, J., Crook, C., Maras, P., Guiller, J., & Scott, A. J. (2012). The impact of pathological levels of Internet-related anxiety on Internet usage. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 46, 341-356.

Brotsky, S., & Giles, D. (2007). Inside the “Pro-ana” community: A covert online participant observation. Eating Disorders, 15, 93-109.

Brown, C. (2009). www.hate.com: White supremacist discourse on the Internet and the construction of whiteness ideology. Howard Journal of Communications, 20, 189-208.

Brown, S. (2010). Fiction, fantasy and transformation in the imaginaries of cybercrime: The novel and after. In Y. Jewkes, & M. Yar (Eds.), Handbook of Internet crime (pp. 145-166). Devon, UK: Willan Publishing.

Bruno, A., Scimeca, G., Cava, L., Pandolfo, G., Zoccali, R. A., & Muscatello, M. R. (2014). Prevalence of Internet addiction in a sample of southern Italian high school students. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 12, 708-715.

Bryce, J. (2010). Online sexual exploitation of children and young people. In Y. Jewkes, & M. Yar (Eds.), Handbook of Internet crime (pp. 320-342). Devon, UK: Willan Publishing.

Burgess, A. W., Carretta, C. M., & Burgess, A. G. (2012). Patterns of federal Internet offenders: A pilot study. Journal of Forensic Nursing, 8, 112-121.

Burgess, A. W., & Mahoney, M., Visk, J., & Morgenbesser, L. (2008). Cyber child sexual exploitation. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing, 46, 38-45.

Burke, A., Sowerbutts, S., Blundell, B., & Sherry, M. (2002). Child pornography and the Internet: Policing and treatment issues. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 9, 79-84.

Burnay, J., Billieux, J., Blairy, S., & Larøi, F. (2015). Which psychological factors influence Internet addiction? Evidence through an integrative model. Computers in Human Behavior, 43, 28-34.

Butler, S. F., Venuti, S. W., Benoit, C., Beaulaurier, R. L., Houle, B., & Katz, N. (2007). Internet surveillance: Content analysis and monitoring of product-specific Internet prescription opioid abuse-related postings. Clinical Journal of Pain, 23, 619-628.

Butler, S. F., Villapiano, A., & Malinow, A. (2009). The effect of computer-mediated administration on self-disclosure of problems on the addiction severity index. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 3, 194-203.

Byun, S., Ruffini, C., Mills, J. E., Douglas, A. C., Niang, M., Stepchenkova, S., Lee, S. K., Loutfi, J., Lee, J.-K., Atallah, M., & Blanton, M. (2009). Internet addiction: Metasynthesis of 1996–2006 quantitative research. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 12, 203-207.

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Calder, M. C. (2004). The Internet: Potential, problems and pathways to hands-on sexual offending, In M. C. Calder (Ed.), Child sexual abuse and the Internet: Tackling the new frontier (pp. 1-23). Dorset, RHP: Russell House Publishing.

Camardese, G., de Risio, L., di Nicola, M., Pizi, G., & Janiri, L. (2012). A role for pharmacotherapy in the treatment of "Internet addiction". Clinical Neuropharmacology, 35, 283-289.

Campbell, A. J., Cumming, S. R., & Hughes, I. (2006). Internet use by the socially fearful: Addiction or therapy? CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9, 69-81.

Canan, F., Ataoglu, A., Nichols, L. A., Yildirim, T., & Ozturk, O. (2010). Evaluation of psychometric properties of the Internet addiction scale in a sample of Turkish high school students. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 13, 317-320.

Canan, F., Yildirim, O., Ustunel, T. Y., Sinani, G., Kaleli, A. H., Gunes, C., & Ataoglu, A. (2014). The relationship between Internet addiction and body mass index in Turkish adolescents. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17, 40-45.

Cao, F., & Su, L. (2007). Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents: Prevalence and psychological features. Child: Care, Health and Development, 33, 275-281.

Cao, F., Su, L., Liu, T., & Gao, X. (2007). The relationship between impulsivity and Internet addiction in a sample of Chinese adolescents. European Psychiatry, 22, 466-471.

Caplan, S. E. (2002). Problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being: Development of a theory-based cognitive-behavioral measurement instrument. Computers in Human Behavior, 18, 553-575.

Caplan, S. E. (2003). Preference for online social interaction – A theory of problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being. Communication Research, 30, 625-648.

Caplan, S. E. (2005). A social skill account of problematic Internet use. Journal of Communication, 55, 721-736.

Caplan, S. E. (2007). Relations among loneliness, social anxiety, and problematic Internet use. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10, 234-242.

Caplan, S. E. (2010). Theory and measurement of generalized problematic Internet use: A two-step approach. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 1089-1097.

Caplan, S. E., & High, A. C. (2011).  Online social interaction, psychosocial well-being and problematic Internet use. In K. S. Young & C. N. de Abreu (Eds.), Internet addiction: A handbook and guide to evaluation and treatment (pp. 35-54). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Caplan, S., Williams, D., & Yee, N. (2009). Problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being among MMO players. Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 1312-1319.

Carabellese, F., Candelli, C., Barbieri, C., & Catanesi, R. (2015). Internet mediated crimes and theoretical approaches. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 26, 1-10.

Carbonell, X., Guardiola, E., Beranuy, M., Bellës, A. (2009). A bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature on Internet, video games, and cell phone addiction. Journal of the Medical Library Association, 97, 102-107.

Carlowe, J. (2008). The final log off for. Nursing Standard, 32, 20-21.

Cartwright, G. F., Finkelstein, A. B. A., & Maennling, M. K. B. (2008). Caught in the web: Internet risks for children. In, B. M. Shore, M. W. Aulls, M. A. Delcourt (Eds.), Inquiry in education: Overcoming barriers to successful implementation (Vol. 2, pp. 119-127). New York: Taylor & Francis/Erlbaum.

Casale, S., Fioravanti, G., Flett, G. L., & Hewitt, P. L. (2014). From socially prescribed perfectionism to problematic use of Internet communicative services: The mediating roles of perceived social support and the fear of negative evaluation. Addictive Behaviors, 39, 1816-1822.

Casale, S., Fioravanti, G., Flett, G. L., & Hewitt, P. L. (2015). Self-presentation styles and problematic use of Internet communicative services: The role of the concerns over behavioral displays of imperfection. Personality and Individual Differences, 76, 187-192.

Cash, H., Rae, C. D., Steel, A. H., & Winkler, A. (2012). Internet addiction: A brief summary of research and practice. Current Psychiatry Reviews, 8, 292-298.

Cassidy, W., Jackson, M., & Brown, K. N. (2009). Sticks and stones can break my bones, but how can pixels hurt me? Students experiences with cyber-bullying. School Psychology International, 30, 383-402.

Cavaglion, G. (2008). Narratives of self-help of cyberporn dependents. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 15, 195-216.

Cavaglion, G. (2009). Cyber-porn dependence: Voices of distress in an Italian Internet self-help community. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 7, 295-310.

Cavezza, C., & McEwan, T. E. (2014). Cyberstalking versus off-line stalking in a forensic sample. Psychology, Crime & Law, 20, 955-970.

Celik, C. B., & Odaci, H. (2013). The relationship between problematic Internet use and interpersonal cognitive distortions and life satisfaction in university students. Children and Youth Services Review, 35, 505-508

Ceyhan, A. A. (2008). Predictors of problematic Internet use on Turkish university students. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11, 363-366.

Ceyhan, E. (2010). Predictiveness of identity status, main Internet use purposes and gender on university students’ the problematic internet use. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 10, 1343-1355.

Chak, K., & Leung, L. (2004). Shyness and locus of control as predictors of Internet addiction and Internet use. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7, 559-570.

Chakraborty, K. D. B., & Kumar, K. G. V. (2010). Internet addiction: Consensus, controversies, and the way ahead. East Asian Arch Psychiatry, 20, 123-132.

Chang, F. C., Chiu, C. H., Lee, C. M., Chen, P. H., & Miao, N. F. (2014). Predictors of the initiation and persistence of Internet addiction among adolescents in Taiwan. Addictive Behaviors, 39, 1434–1440.

Chang, M. K., & Pui Man Law, S. (2008). Factor structure for Young’s Internet Addiction Test: A confirmatory study. Computers in Human Behavior, 24, p.2597-p.2619.

Chappell, D., Eatough, V., Davies, M.  N. O., & Griffiths, M. (2006). EverQuest – It's just a computer game right? An interpretative phenomenological analysis of online gaming addiction. International Journal of Mental Health Addiction, 4, 205-216.

Charlton, J. P. (2002). A factor-analytic investigation of computer ‘addiction’ and engagement. British Journal of Psychology, 93, 329-344.

Charlton, J. P., & Danforth, I. D. W. (2004). Differentiating computer-related addictions and high engagement. In K. Morgan, C. A. Brebbia, J. Sanchez & A. Voiskounsky (Eds.), Human Perspectives in The Internet Society: Culture, Psychology and Gender (pp. 59-68). Southampton, UK: WITpress.

Charlton, J. P., & Danforth, I. D. W. (2007). Distinguishing addiction and high engagement in the context of online game playing. Computers in Human Behavior, 23, 1531-1548.

Charlton, J. P., Soh, P. C.-H., Ang, P. H., & Chew, K.-W. (2013). Religiosity, adolescent Internet usage motives and addiction. Information, Communication & Society, 16, 1619-1638.

Charlton, J.  P., & Danforth, I. D. W. (2010). Validating the distinction between computer addiction and engagement: Online game playing and personality. Behaviour & Information Technology, 29, 601-613.

Chen, J. V., Chen, C. C., & Yang, H.-H. (2008). An empirical evaluation of key factors contributing to Internet abuse in the workplace. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 108, 87-106.

Chen, K., Chen, I., & Paul, H. (2001). Explaining online behavioral differences: An Internet dependency perspective. Journal of Computer Information Systems, (Spring), 59-64.

Chen, K. C., Chen, J. C. V., & Ross, W. H. (2010). Antecedents of online game dependency: The implications of multimedia realism and uses and gratifications theory. Journal of Database Management, 21, 69-99.

Chen, S.-Y., & Tzeng, J.-Y. (2010). College female and male heavy Internet users’ profiles of practices and their academic grades and psychosocial adjustment. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 13, 257-262.

Chen, S. W., Gau, S. S. F., Pikhart, H., Peasey, A., Chen, S. T., & Tsai, M. C. (2014). Work stress and subsequent risk of Internet addiction among information technology engineers in Taiwan. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17, 542-550.

Chen, Y. L., Chen, S. H., & Gau, S. S. F. (2015). ADHD and autistic traits, family function, parenting style, and social adjustment for Internet addiction among children and adolescents in Taiwan: A longitudinal study. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 39, 20-31.

Cheng, C., & Li, A. Y. L. (2014). Internet addiction prevalence and quality of (real) life: A meta-analysis of 31 nations across seven world regions. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17, 755-760.

Chesley, E. B., Alberts, J. D., Klein, J. D., & Kreipe, R. E. (2003). Pro or con? Anorexia nervosa and the Internet. Journal of Adolescent Health, 32, 123-124.

Cheung, L. M., & Wong, W. (2011). The effects of insomnia and Internet addiction on depression in Hong Kong Chinese adolescents: An exploratory cross-sectional analysis. Journal of Sleep Research, 20, 311-317.

Cheung, L. M., & Wong, W. S. (2012). The effects of insomnia and Internet addiction on depression in Hong Kong Chinese adolescents: An exploratory cross-sectional analysis. Journal of Sleep Research, 20, 311-317.

Chiang, I.-P., & Su, Y.-H. (2012). Measuring and analyzing the causes of problematic Internet use. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15, 591-596.

Chiao, C., Yi, C. C., & Ksobiech, K. (2014). Adolescent Internet use and its relationship to cigarette smoking and alcohol use: A prospective cohort study. Addictive Behaviors, 39, 7-12.

Chih-Hung, K., Ju-Yu, Y., Cheng-Fang, Y., Huang-Chi, L., & Ming-Jen, Y. (2007). Factors predictive for incidence and remission of Internet addiction in young adolescents: A prospective study. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10, 545-551.

Chin-Chung, T., & Sunny, L. (2003). Internet addiction of adolescents in Taiwan: An interview study. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 6, 649-652.

Chiou, J.-S., & Lee, J. (2008). What do they say about ‘‘Friends’’? A cross-cultural study on Internet discussion forum. Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 1179-1195.

Chisholm, J. F. (2006). Cyberspace violence against girls and adolescent females. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1087, 74-89.

Chng, G. S., Li, D., Liau, A. K., & Khoo, A. (2015). Moderating effects of the family environment for parental mediation and pathological Internet use in youths. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18, 30-36.

Cho, C., & Cheon, H. J. (2005). Children's exposure to negative Internet content: Effects of family context. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 49, 488-509.

Cho, H., Kwon, M., Choi, J. H., Lee, S. K., Choi, J. S., Choi, S. W., & Kim, D. J. (2014). Development of the Internet addiction scale based on the Internet Gaming Disorder criteria suggested in DSM-5. Addictive behaviors, 39, 1361-1366.

Cho, S.-C., Kim, J.-W., Kim, B.-N., Lee, J.-H., & Kim, E.-H. (2008). Biogenetic temperament and character profiles and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in Korean adolescents with problematic Internet use. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11, 735-737.

Choi, K., Son, H., Park, M., Han, J., Kim, K., Lee, B., & Gwak, H. (2009). Internet overuse and excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescents. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 63, 455-462.

Chong, W. H., Chye, S., Huan, V. S., & Ang, R. P. (2014). Generalized problematic Internet use and regulation of social emotional competence: The mediating role of maladaptive cognitions arising from academic expectation stress on adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 38, 151-158.

Choo, H., Gentile, D. A., Sim, T., Li, D., Khoo, A., & Liau, A. K. (2010). Pathological video-gaming among Singaporean youth. Annals Academy of Medicine, 39, 822-829.

Chou, C. (2001). Internet heavy use and addiction among Taiwanese college students: An online interactive study. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 4, 573-585.

Chou, C., Condron, L., & Belland, J. C. (2005). A review of the research on Internet addiction. Educational Psychology Review,17, 363-388.

Chow, C. L., & Leung, G. M., Ng, C., & Yu, E. (2009). A screen for identifying maladaptive Internet use. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 7, 324-332.

Chrismore, S., Betzelberger, E., Bier, L., & Camacho, T. (2011). Twelve-step recovery in inpatient treatment for Internet addiction. In K. S. Young & C. N. de Abreu (Eds.), Internet addiction: A handbook and guide to evaluation and treatment (pp. 205-222). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Christakis, D. A., & Moreno, M. A. (2009). Trapped in the Net: Will Internet addiction become a 21st-century epidemic? Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescence Medicine, 163, 959-960.

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